Why is midazolam preferred over diazepam?

It is concluded that midazolam is a safe, effective, and promptly acting sedative for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Compared to diazepam it was significantly more potent, faster acting, and associated with greater amnesia.

Which is more potent diazepam or midazolam?

Conclusions: Midazolam was 3.4 times more potent than diazepam. The duration of oxygen desaturation emphasizes the importance of monitoring SpO2 until ventilation and oxygenation have recovered. Although the degree of hypoxemia was comparable, midazolam led to higher end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions.

Why diazepam is used in status epilepticus?

The benzodiazepines most commonly used to treat status epilepticus are diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), and midazolam (Versed). All three compounds work by enhancing the inhibition of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by binding to the benzodiazepine-GABA and barbiturate-receptor complex.

Can you give diazepam after midazolam?

Using diazePAM together with midazolam may increase side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, and difficulty concentrating. Some people, especially the elderly, may also experience impairment in thinking, judgment, and motor coordination.

How long does it take midazolam to work?

The onset of action is about 2 minutes after the injection. Maximum effect is obtained in about 5 to 10 minutes. The IV injection of midazolam should be given slowly at a rate of approximately 1mg in 30 seconds.

Why is midazolam used for prolonged seizures?

Any convulsive seizure lasting longer than five minutes should be treated as there is an increased risk of neuronal compromise following prolonged seizures. Drugs, such as midazolam, are used to abort ongoing seizures and thereby avoid the complications of prolonged status epilepticus.

What drugs are similar to midazolam?

Lorazepam.

Is midazolam used for seizures?

NAYZILAM® (midazolam) nasal spray, CIV is a prescription medicine used for the short-term treatment of seizure clusters (also known as acute repetitive seizures) in patients 12 years of age and older.

How quickly does buccal midazolam work?

Buccal Midazolam will take 5 to 10 minutes to work and most children will sleep for a while after the seizure has finished. They should be placed on their side during this time.

Why is midazolam given at end of life?

Midazolam is a commonly used benzodiazepine in palliative care and is considered one of the four essential drugs needed for the promotion of quality care in dying patients. Acting on the benzodiazepine receptor, it promotes the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid.

What is the difference between IM midazolam and rectal diazepam?

Erratic absorption of rectal diazepam often results in low or delayed plasma peak drug concentrations, whereas IM and IN midazolam have a more consistent and higher bioavailability of 87% and 55%, respectively, with a short time to peak concentration.29

What are the active metabolites of midazolam and diazepam?

Midazolam, one of the short-acting BZDs, produces no active metabolites. However, diazepam, a long-acting BZD, produces the active metabolites oxazepam, desmethyldiazepam, and temazepam; these metabolites further increase the duration of drug action and should be a serious consideration in some patient groups,…

Why is midazolam absorbed through the nasopharynx?

The nasopharyngeal mucosal surface is relatively large and well vascularized, allowing for a rapid absorption of midazolam. Nasal absorption also avoids the high first-pass metabolism of midazolam after oral administration [9]. The dose of intranasal midazolam for treating seizure activity is based on body weight.

Is midazolam better than diazepam for seizure cessation?

Midazolam, by any route, was superior to diazepam, by any route, in achieving seizure cessation in pooled analysis (relative risk [RR] 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27 to 1.82, n = 6, number needed to treat [NNT] = 7), Figure 2. Three37–39studies of 146 subjects compared IM or IN midazolam to IV diazepam.